Fertility rates have fallen below replacement levels in many economies. We examine the relationship between female … incomes and fertility for college graduates in the United States. Female income is likely endogenous to fertility, and … procedure to estimate two-sided bounds for the effect of female income on fertility. The effect of female income on fertility is …

This paper tests the effects of fertility on household structure and parental labor supply in rural China. To solve the … ordinary least squares estimates show a negative correlation between fertility and parental labor supply. Using twinning as a … natural experiment, we do not find evidence on the negative effects of fertility on parental labor supply. By contrast, we …

With declining population and fertility rates below replacement levels, Russia is currently facing a demographic crisis … model of fertility and labor force participation in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the policy. We find that the … program increased long-run fertility by about 0.15 children per woman. …

fertility and maternal labor supply. Identification is achieved by exploiting variation in the supply-side's incentives to … estimates show that a non-planned CD at parity one decreases life cycle fertility by almost 17 percent. This reduction in … fertility translates into a temporary increase in maternal employment. …

This paper explores how inflows of low-skilled immigrants impact the tradeoffs women face when making joint fertility … and labor supply decisions. I find increases in fertility and decreases in labor force participation rates among high …

potentially more convenient childcare options with increased fertility. An analysis of U.S. Census data between 1980 and 2000 … among women who are most likely to consider childcare costs when making fertility decisions - namely, married women with a … the types of women who have stronger fertility relative to labor supply responses to immigrant-induced changes in …

This paper examines the impact of male casualties due to World War II on fertility and female employment in the United … counties in the U.S. experienced a Baby Boom following the war, we find that the increase in fertility was lower in high … fertility, we provide evidence that county male casualties are positively related to 1950s female employment and household …

-in-difference design and a fertility survey with information on conception, contraception, and labor supply arrangements. Childcare …. In a country with the lowest total fertility rate in the world and that often performs middling in rankings of gender …