Chapter 1. Introduction -- Part I. The Drive for Development -- Chapter 2. Enter local control -- Chapter 3. The force unleashed -- Part II. The Growth Mechanism -- Chapter 4. Hardware and software -- Chapter 5. Mechanization, automation and the labor market -- Chapter 6. Scale of operations --...

This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND license. This volume analyzes the economic, social, and political challenges that emerging states confront today. Notwithstanding the growing importance of the ‘emerging states’ in global affairs and governance, many problems requiring immediate...

Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. China’s Economic Reform Pattern: Fundamentals of “Infinite” Transition -- Chapter 3. Resources, Trends and Goals of Chinese Military Modernization -- Chapter 4. Limits for Continuity and Change in Political Transformations -- Chapter 5. Conclusion.

Advances in artificial intelligence and automation have the potential to be labor-saving and to increase inequality and poverty around the globe. They also give rise to winner-takes-all dynamics that advantage highly skilled individuals and countries that are at the forefront of technological...

Chapter 1: Editors’ Introduction -- Part I: Expert Overviews -- Chapter 2: Developing Meaningful Composite Environmental Indices with DEA -- Chapter 3: Modelling the Generation of Pollutants in Environmental Economics -- Chapter 4: Environmental Productivity Growth in Consumer Durables -- Part...

1. Innovation in ASEAN countries -- 2. The Transformation of Embedded Means into Resources During Community-Based Venture Creation -- 3. Entrepreneurial Innovation Strategy in the Midst of Pandemic: A Case of Bersih Solution -- 4. Evolution of Entrepreneurship Development among Different...

This paper studies the interplay between left-handedness and economic development. To explain the decline and subsequent recovery of left-handedness observed over the last few centuries in the Western world, we propose a theory in which economic development influences the prevalence of...

This paper considers the implications for developing countries of a new wave of technological change that substitutes pervasively for labor. It makes simple and plausible assumptions: the AI revolution can be modeled as an increase in productivity of a distinct type of capital that substitutes...

Only a few European economies and Korea and Taiwan Province of China reached high-income status during 1970-2010. Malaysia’s real income per capita increased to 26 percent of the U.S. level in 2010 from 20 percent in 1970. Despite relatively strong growth and a substantial improvement in...

Using newly collected national and sub-national data and historical case studies, this paper argues that differences in innovative capacity, captured by the density of engineers at the dawn of the Second Industrial Revolution, are important to explaining present income differences, and, in...