This paper examines the impact of unemployment on out-migration by distinguishing between return and onward migration …, unemployment and out-migration using administrative data from the Netherlands. Our findings suggest that unemployment triggers … return migration more than onward migration. When total earnings are low unemployment increases the hazard of return …

the dynamics. Microsimulations of synthetic cohorts reveal that many migrants experience unemployment spells, but ten … only increase the unemployment among migrants but also departure from the country. Scenarios also indicate that an increase …