substantial within-country volatility. This volatility is at odds with the notion of culture adopted in economics: a set of slow … interactions. The insufficient persistence of survey proxies for such traits may compromise empirical studies of culture as a …

This paper reviews the literature on gender and culture. Gender gaps in various outcomes (competitiveness, labor force … article reviews the literature on the relevance of culture in the determination of different forms of gender gap. I examine …

probability. -- Risk aversion ; competitiveness ; gender ; culture ; mixed-sex competition …

innovation in an individualist culture. This cultural effect may offset the negative effects of bad institutions on growth … individualism on growth through innovation. Using genetic data as instruments for culture we provide strong evidence of a causal … collectivism, in line with recent advances in biology and neuro-science. The effect of culture on long-run growth remains very …

According to the widely known 'culture of honor' hypothesis from social psychology, traditional herding practices are …, and large-scale surveys. The data show systematic links between traditional herding practices and a culture of honor …. First, the culture of pre-industrial societies that relied on animal herding emphasizes violence, punishment, and revenge …