estimated premium for above average beauty is only slightly larger than that estimated for women elsewhere, and the penalty for …

confirmed the importance of start-up capital for sales. Women entrepreneurs have smaller start-up capital and are less likely to …, business training is positively associated with sales performance of men entrepreneurs, but has no effect on women. However …, this does not call for abolishing training programs for women entrepreneurs. Instead their design and targeting should be …

genders with higher start-up capital record better sales performance than those with smaller amounts of capital. For women … countries, women entrepreneurs in Swaziland have smaller start-up capital and are less likely to fund it from formal sources … than men. Among women entrepreneurs, those with college education and confident in their skills tend to start their firms …

literacy training directly benefits men, it does not raise the sales level of women entrepreneurs. Instead, tertiary education … has a direct positive link with the performance of women. Consistent with our theoretical model where different skills are … that women entrepreneurs who are tenacious achieve stronger sales performance. Our results underscore the importance of …

Limited access to finance is one of the major barriers for women entrepreneurs in Africa. This paper presents a model … economies would benefit from removing obstacles to women's land tenure and enabling financial institutions to lend against …