conflict. We address questions of methodological choice and estimation techniques for empirical studies. Our review of the … variables estimation, they have not succeeded in i) using instruments that pass the necessary tests of instrumental variable … estimation and ii) identifying the channels through which food aid influences conflict. We argue that future work should contain …

In 2022, governments around the world committed USD 211 bn. to official development assistance. Despite these high …

countries. Our analysis applies the long difference estimator and instrumental variable estimation, with aid instrumented by …

World Bank projects and generally find that projects that are potentially politically motivated – such as those granted to … governments holding a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council or an Executive Directorship at the World Bank … Council members with higher short-term debt, however, a negative quality rating is more likely. So we find evidence that World …

squares estimation method leads to accounting for two-ways causal relationships between ODA and export while the endogeneity …