: competition, business environment, learning spillovers and human capital. Collectively, these drivers account for about a third of …

Using German establishment data, this paper examines the relationship between product market competition and the extent … of employer provided training. We demonstrate that high product market competition is associated with increased training … except when the competition is so severe as to threaten liquidation to a firm. We take this as evidence of an inverted U …

such differences are driven by different attitudes towards competition. In our experiment subjects choose between a … social norms whose nature and origin we discuss. -- competition ; tournament ; piece rate ; gender ; risk-aversion ; relative …