In response to strong revenue and income losses that a large share of the self-employed faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, the German federal government introduced a €50bn emergency aid program. Based on real-time online-survey data comprising more than 20,000 observations, we analyze the...

Das Projekt „Airbus" war lange Zeit aufgrund der hohen Subventionierung umstritten. Die Kritik hat sich gelegt, weil inzwischen meist angenommen wird, daß die Airbus-Industrie keine substantielle staatliche Förderung mehr erfährt. Wie umfangreich ist die staatliche Förderung aber tatsächlich?

Support schemes for unemployed aiming for self-employment have been recently reformed several times. In 2003, the "start-up subsidyʺ was added to the existing "bridging allowanceʺ. In 2006 both instruments were merged to the "Gründungszuschussʺ. Since the bridging allowance has been...

Fostering and supporting start-up businesses by unemployed persons has become an increasingly important issue in many European countries. These new ventures are being supported by various governmental programs. Potential benefits include not only the end of unemployment for the new entrepreneur...