European Union (EU), had successfully completed negotiations and fulfilled all accession requirements, taken membership in the … European Economic Area (with full access to the Single Market), but decided in a referendum to reject full-fledged EU … politically driven economic benefits from EU membership: if Norway had joined the EU in 1995, productivity levels between 1995 and …

European Union (EU) in the 1973, 1980s, 1995 and 2004 enlargements, if those countries had not joined the EU. We find large … positive effects from EU membership but these differ across countries and over time (they are only negative for Greece). We …

This paper empirically investigates the differences in the motives of raising privatisation proceeds for a panel of EU …

European Union (EU) enlargement, when all candidate countries joined the Single Market but one - Norway - did not join the EU …

Eastern European and Former Soviet Union countries diverged massively. Institutions are a main reason. The EU anchor thesis … posits that the prospect of membership in the European Union (EU) played a key role in filling in the institutional vacuum …, focusing on whether the prospect of EU membership accelerated institutional development and, if so, whether this was indeed …

This paper explores the impact of EU membership on foreign direct investment (FDI). It analyses empirically how the … gravity framework on annual bilateral FDI data for almost every country in the world, over 1985-2018, we find EU membership … leads FDI into the host economy to be about 60% higher for investment from outside the EU, and around 50% higher for intra-EU …