benefits from exposure to "privileged" peers accrue mainly to "disadvantaged" students. These benefits decline when the …

versus snapshot parental income measures. The most predictive ages of children when family resources are measured vary by the … participation in crime. Parental financial resources partially offset deficiencies in nonpecuniary inputs to children's human …

More able parents tend to have more able children. While few would question the validity of this statement, there is … estimated elasticity of intergenerational transmission of income of approximately .2. -- Ability ; intergenerational mobility …

children enter school. Families are major producers of those skills. Inequality in performance in school is strongly linked to … inequality in family environments. Schools do little to reduce or enlarge the gaps in skills that are present when children enter … growing fraction of American children across all race and ethnic groups is being raised in dysfunctional families. Investment …

before children enter school. Families are major producers of those skills. Inequality in performance in school is strongly … children enter school. Parenting matters, and the true measure of child advantage and disadvantage is the quality of parenting … received. A growing fraction of American children across all race and ethnic groups is being raised in dysfunctional families …

emergence of differentials in abilities between children of advantaged families and children of disadvantaged families, (c) the …

after grandchildren and provide financial or material gifts to children more than paternal grandparents do. In exchange …, daughters help their parents with personal care, household tasks and paperwork more than sons do. The matrilineal advantage is …

While recent research finds strong evidence that birth order affects children's outcomes such as education and earnings … earlier born children have higher IQs. Our preferred estimates suggest differences between first-borns and second-borns of … birth order effects occur because later-born children are more affected by family breakdown. …