. -- multinational firms ; outsourcing ; intra-firm trade ; offshoring ; vertical FDI …

pollution haven hypothesis whereby offshoring is central to the mechanism - US manufacturers begin to source from abroad and …

Barriers to outsourcing that are being currently implemented in the US effectively tax its companies who "export" jobs … through outsourcing. The objective is to raise domestic employment. Given that many of the important international markets … oligopolistic context. We find that while an outsourcing tax favors domestic workers by causing firms to switch to a greater use of …

). It turns out that, compared to non-offshoring firms, firms that relocated activities were larger and more productive, and … relocate, and this points to self-selection of "better" firms into offshoring. This finding is in line with results from recent … others were not. Broadly in line with hypotheses derived from the literature there is no evidence that offshoring has a …

on offshoring. Furthermore, when splitting the sample according to the technological level, the effect is negative and …

-level trade flows with firm-specific instrumental variables based on world demand and supply shocks. Both export and offshoring … shocks have a positive effect on wages. Exports increase wages for all occupational categories while offshoring has … elasticity of wages with respect to exports and offshoring is higher than in firms with no collective bargaining. Wage gains …