took place and trace back the development of wage labor within agriculture, industry and service sector. In particular, the …-industrial time the social organization of work occurred in various forms and that wage labor was rather a rare phenomenon in the … beginning of the 19th century. Hence, a widespread and functioning labor market cannot be identified at that time. Rudimentary …

; labor market behavior ; transition ; state dependence …

Total Factor Productivity) to rich countries – offsetting efficiency gains from the spatial reallocation of labor from low …

global inefficiencies in the pure spatial allocation of labor between poorer and richer countries. But rigorous estimates are … labor by a factor of four, implying large spatial inefficiency. Short-term effects on households were modest. Effects on …

individual's labor market productivity later in life. We consider intrauterine exposure to the month of Ramadan as a natural … administrative data from Denmark to investigate the impact of exposure to Ramadan in utero on labor market outcomes of adult Muslim … poor labor market outcomes later in life. Specifically, exposure to Ramadan in the 7th month of gestation results in a …

pre-registered subsamples. The results imply very low substitutability of native for foreign labor in the policy …-relevant occupations. Forensic analysis suggests similarly low substitutability of black-market labor. …

anachronistic and obsolete. -- Economic history ; standard employment ; Germany …