gaps in employment and earnings. We find that women have notably lower employment rates and earnings than men, even though … earnings gaps are higher in self-employment than in wage employment. Tertiary education and urban location account for a large … part of the gender earnings gap and mitigate high female propensity to self-employment. Our findings suggest that policies …

stagnant export shares. The limited export competitiveness has hampered external demand, growth and employment. Applying, for …

growth and employment in export sectors, we have not found that undervaluation would raise it. Replacing the multicurrency …

. This paper investigates how the access to finance affects employment in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Sub … the firm's size in terms of employment depends on the access to credit. Under the financial market imperfections, access … to credit can be a binding constraint on firm entry and employment even when the banks have sufficient liquidity. Using …