To examine the drivers of innovation, this paper studies the global R&D effort to fight the deadliest diseases and … innovation can be very large, as demonstrated by aggregate flow of clinical trials increasing by 38% in 2020, with limited … economists are naturally in favor of market size as a driving force for innovation (i.e."if the market size is sufficiently large …

), allows for causal interpretation of the relationship between innovation output and labor productivity. We find that knowledge … intensive services benefit from innovation activities in the sense that these activities causally increase their labor …