This paper considers education investment and public education subsidies in closed and open economies with an … extortionary government. The extortionary government in a closed economy has incentives to subsidize education in order to overcome … their education policies if highly productive labor is fully mobile. Extortionary governments' incentives for education …

market. At the same time, education is a time-consuming process, and enrolment and dropout decisions depend on expected … in finding a job. Standard models of job search and education assume that skills can be upgraded instantaneously (and … mostly in the form of on-the-job training) at a fixed cost. This paper models education as a time-consuming process, a …

development. It affects human capital through both religious and secular education. It affects population and labor by influencing …