the course of economic development from the dawn of human civilization to the contemporary era. It advances and … long-lasting effect on the pattern of comparative economic development that could not be captured by contemporary … a hump-shaped effect on development outcomes in the pre-colonial era, reflecting the trade-off between the beneficial …

a significant role in giving rise to differential patterns of economic development across the globe. Societies that were …-possibility frontiers and flourished in the technological paradigm that characterized the agricultural stage of development. The lack of … development. Consistently with the theory, the empirical analysis establishes that (i) geographical isolation prevalent in pre …