This paper explores how value-chain governance affects the innovation performance of suppliers of intermediate products … is more conducive to innovation for suppliers, especially when these firms have medium capability levels. Conversely … intermediates and innovation performance, which indicates that technology-gap is an important mediator of learning within value …

), allows for causal interpretation of the relationship between innovation output and labor productivity. We find that knowledge … intensive services benefit from innovation activities in the sense that these activities causally increase their labor …