these subsidies on children's longer run outcomes. Using a sharp discontinuity in the price of childcare in Norway, we are … this, we find significant positive effect of the subsidies on children's academic performance in junior high school …, suggesting the positive shock to disposable income provided by the subsidies may be helping to improve children's scholastic …

markets and whether the effects spill over to spouses and children. There is substantial evidence that more educated people … of Sweden in 2000, we estimate the effect of education on stock market participation and risky asset holdings. We find … spouses or children. …