data from the National Child Development Study to construct an ACE index based on prospective childhood information and … estimate an earnings penalty of 7.3 percent for each additional ACE, a 53.1 percent higher probability of being welfare … dependent, and a 34 percent higher probability of poverty at age 55, controlling for important background factors measured in …

transfers. We examine how welfare reforms that introduced mutual obligations affected the economic position of single mothers … and the development of their children over the past two decades in Australia. Using nationally representative longitudinal … since the 2005 Welfare-to-Work Act came into effect in July 2006, a downward trend that was aggravated by the Global …

alternative private investments, our results indicate that they do not coincide in their impacts on income inequality and poverty … inequality and relative poverty, very much driven by the increasing share of outright ownership among the elderly. On the other … consideration of all components of private investment income for the purpose of welfare analysis, be they of a monetary or non …