took place and trace back the development of wage labor within agriculture, industry and service sector. In particular, the …-industrial time the social organization of work occurred in various forms and that wage labor was rather a rare phenomenon in the … beginning of the 19th century. Hence, a widespread and functioning labor market cannot be identified at that time. Rudimentary …

The past several decades have witnessed a rebirth of global labor mobility. Workers have begun to move between …

Total Factor Productivity) to rich countries – offsetting efficiency gains from the spatial reallocation of labor from low …

global inefficiencies in the pure spatial allocation of labor between poorer and richer countries. But rigorous estimates are … labor by a factor of four, implying large spatial inefficiency. Short-term effects on households were modest. Effects on …

pre-registered subsamples. The results imply very low substitutability of native for foreign labor in the policy …-relevant occupations. Forensic analysis suggests similarly low substitutability of black-market labor. …

We use the elements of a macroeconomic production function - physical capital, human capital, labor, and technology … development. It affects human capital through both religious and secular education. It affects population and labor by influencing …

We examine the efficiency properties of labor taxation. A spatial model of an economy is introduced whose key feature … is a new approach to restricted labor mobility. We characterize the efficient allocation of labor and properties of a … decentralized equilibrium. An efficient allocation of labor can be compatible with marginal productivity differentials stemming from …