discuss evidence on these questions for Austria, Britain, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Israel, Portugal, Spain and the United …

, Canada, Australia, the UK, Germany, Israel and Spain. …

migration affected fertility by building a decennial bilateral migration matrix between French regions for 1861-1911. The … suggest the convergence towards low birth rates can be explained by the diffusion of low-fertility norms by migrants …

It is widely argued that declining fertility slows the pace of economic growth in industrialized countries through its … negative effect on labor supply. There are, however, theoretical arguments suggesting that the effect of falling fertility on … consumer optimization model that incorporates endogenous fertility as well as endogenous education and health investments. The …

female labour market participation, which is in turn related to fertility reduction. Lastly we find that more rapid urban … growth accelerates fertility decline, but, in late 19th century Britain it slowed the reduction of infant mortality …. -- fertility ; infant mortality ; education and sanitary reform ; women's participation ; education ; 19th century and early 20th …

to gather individual-level data covering all relevant countries, namely the exodus of Ecuadorians to Spain and the US in …, even in an episode in which Ecuadorians mostly chose Spain where earnings were lower than in the US, and they contribute to …

We estimate calories available to workers' households in the USA, Belgium, Britain, France and Germany in 1890/1. We … estimate that households in the USA, on average, had about five hundred daily calories per equivalent adult more than their … French and German counterparts, with Belgian and British workers closer to the USA levels. We ask if that energy bonus gave …