-optimization model with sharecropping, endogenous fertility and status seeking. We show that tenant farming is the major obstacle to … escaping the Malthusian trap with high fertility and low productivity. A land reform provides peasant families higher returns … decreases fertility and increases productivity in agriculture in the short and long runs. The European demographic history …

of it was intended to illuminate issues of compelling policy importance, such as declining fertility and population aging …Paul Samuelson made a series of important contributions to population theory for humans and other species, evolutionary …. While his work in population economics has been very influential, his work in population and evolution appears to have been …

decreasing fertility and the population size. Correspondingly, if the clean sector is more capital intensive, then the emission …This article examines pollution and environmental mortality in an economy where fertility is endogenous and output is … tax decreases the wage and increases fertility. Although the proportion of the dirty sector in production falls, the …

In the postwar period, when fertility dropped substantially, immigration more than made up for the drop in population … growth, and from 1950 to 2020, population increased by 73%, double the European rate, in a country with population density … already among the highest in Europe. Yet, there never has been a serious population policy, and in fact, central spatial …

unemployment, low wages, and high population growth. Migration flows decrease in the geographic and cultural distance between the … alleviate challenges arising from population aging. For origin countries, the effects of migration may go either way, depending … fertility rate and emigration rate are going to develop in Africa. Even modest increases in emigration from Africa would …

total fertility rate is now below the level that implies a stable population in the long run. This has led to concerns among … economists, policymakers, and the wider public about the economic consequences of low fertility and population decline. In this …High-income countries have generally experienced falling fertility in recent decades. In most of these countries, the …

fertility and education decisions, and hence, population growth in Africa. We present the results from different scenarios for …According to recent UN projections more than 50 percent of the growth in world population over the next half century … will be due to population growth in Africa. Given this, any policy that influences African demography will have a …

population growth, but the desire of status hampers fertility and prevents capital-diluting demographic expansion. If status … decline on demographic and economic growth by a family-optimization model, in which fertility is endogenous and wealth yields …-seeking is strong, then the decline of mortality decreases population growth below its original level. -- mortality ; population …

carbon emissions accounting for the impacts of fertility on population growth, population age structure, and income per …We provide evidence that lower fertility can simultaneously increase income per capita and lower carbon emissions …, eliminating a trade-off central to most policies aimed at slowing global climate change. We estimate the effect of lower fertility …