Despite millions of war widows worldwide, little is known about the economic consequences of being widowed by war. We … use life history data from West Germany to show that war widowhood increased women's employment immediately after World … War II but led to lower employment rates later in life. War widows, therefore, carried a double burden of employment and …

focused on the other direction. We use cross-country panel data for the time period 1960-2005 to estimate war-related changes … in income inequality. Our results indicate rising levels of inequality during war and especially in the early period of … post-war reconstruction. However, we find that this rise in income inequality is not permanent. While inequality peaks …

War can have long-lasting effects on individual mental health through war trauma. In this paper, we explore the impact … causality issues are addressed using objective measures of war intensity recorded at the municipality level. We find that … individuals experiencing war trauma have worse mental health six years after the end of the conflict. In particular, instrumental …

(troop-intensive), and airborne (also troop-intensive) military units, as well as mid-war reorganizations of each type, to … estimate the marginal cost of reducing U.S. fatalities in World War II, holding constant mission effectiveness, usage intensity …

While descriptive evidence suggests that deployment in the Global War on Terrorism is associated with adverse mental …

used extensively during the U.S.-Vietnam war in the 1960-70s. Using a nationally representative health survey and an … Vietnamese civilians located in a commune one-standard-deviation more exposed to herbicide during the war were 19.75 percent more …

techniques like redirection. While there is a general sense that war has profound long-term impacts on the psychological health … war on the civilian population. …

This paper estimates the causal long-term consequences of an exposure to war in utero and during childhood on the risk …