participation in domestic duties in Indonesia. We show that female work participation increased in relative terms in regions that … looking at the potential channels for these effects, we find that in Indonesia the structure of initial protection was …

middle-income economies: Bolivia, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Jordan, South Africa, Tanzania, and Vietnam. In order to … linear (Brazil and South Africa) to being U- or J-shaped (India, Jordan, and Indonesia), or a mixture of both (Bolivia …, Vietnam, and Tanzania). Overall, the economic, social, and institutional constraints that shape women's labor force …

? To analyze this question, we study the case of Vietnam. Vietnam exported a total of $356B, making it the number 18 … exporter in the world in 2021. Recent studies show provinces in Vietnam with greater exposure to tariff reductions observe … exports propagated through domestic production linkages in Vietnam between 2010 and 2019. We find that direct exposure to …

This paper exploits an exogenous shift in the trade policy in India to study the impact of industrialization on son … mechanisms through which industrialization might have affected relative survival of daughters. We find a significant increase in …

We examine the effects of trade liberalization on child work in Indonesia. Our estimation strategy identifies … underlying these results. -- Child labor ; trade liberalization ; poverty ; Indonesia …

high-spending but low-performing ASEAN member countries (Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand) and two high performing Asian … Vietnam an even better advantage in the PISA. A similar gain in PISA scores is absent in the case of Malaysia, Indonesia and …This paper examines the nature and drivers of Vietnam's paradoxical performance in the Program for International …

This research explores the long-run effect of industrialization on the process of development. In contrast to … the French industrial revolution, the research establishes that regions in which industrialization was more intensive …. Nevertheless, intensive industrialization has had an adverse effect on income per capita, employment and equality by the turn of …

and landowners). Industrialization requires the elites to finance schools and the masses to attend them. Schooling raises … dominant elite at the regional and country level is the same and/or the industrialization shock is sufficiently high. If …

The research explores the effect of industrialization on human capital formation. Exploiting exogenous regional … views early industrialization as a predominantly deskilling process, the industrial revolution was conducive for human …