previously been (i) in conflict with one another, (ii) in conflict with a different group, or (iii) not previously exposed to … conflict. We model conflict using an inter-group Tullock contest, and measure its effects upon cooperation using a multi …-level public good game. We demonstrate that conflict increases cooperation within groups, while decreasing cooperation between …

communicate a self-chosen personal characteristic towards the rival on conflict behavior. In a two-player individual contest with …-characteristics significantly affect the average level of conflict. Both of those, however, significantly affect players' strategies, in the sense … of the extent they involve conflict over time. Overall, the results indicate that inter-personal communication may help …

We study the effect of divisions within the elite on the probability of internal conflict in the Papal States between … the time of the election. We exploit this variation to analyze the causal effect of a divided conclave on conflict. We … find that an increase of one standard deviation in our measure of polarization raised the likelihood of internal conflict …

We explore the effect of historical ethnic borders on contemporary conflict in Africa. We document that both the … intensive and extensive margins of contemporary conflict are higher close to historical ethnic borders. Exploiting variations … find that regions crossed by historical ethnic borders have 27 percentage points higher probability of conflict and 7 …

the economic causes and consequences of the conflict in Punjab, which has been classified as a civil war and also an …. Finally, I consider the macro and microeconomic effects of the conflict in Punjab that affected every walk of life and perhaps …

We introduce three variations of the Hirshleifer-Skaperdas conflict game to study experimentally the effects of post-conflict … altogether, often after substantial initial conflict. To attain peace, players must first engage in costly signaling by making …