, thereby causing rational bubbles to lose their efficiency properties. Moreover, if speculation can be carried out by skilled …

unions are remarkable: unions in the workplace significantly improve productivity but reduce enterprise profitability …

Germany, this paper presents the first comprehensive evidence on the relationship between exports and profitability. It … documents that the positive profitability differential of exporters compared to non-exporters is statistically significant …. Instead, we use a newly developed continuous treatment approach and show that exporting improves the profitability almost over …

activities towards innovation. We also find that international services outsourcing has a positive effect on profitability, as … predicted by theory, while this is not true for domestic sourcing. The results are robust to various specifications and an …

According to Becker's (1957) famous theory on discrimination, entrepreneurs with a strong prejudice against female … manage to survive submit to market powers and increase their female workforce over time. -- Firm survival ; profitability …

and gender) and its performance (productivity and profitability) for a large representative sample of enterprises from …-productivity profiles, which are consistent with human capital theory, and adds a new finding of a rather negative effect of age on firms …' profitability, which is consistent with deferred compensation considerations. Moreover, our analysis reveals for the first time that …