principles, instruments, target groups and governance in Germany, France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the … US, Sweden and Denmark. It assesses the effectiveness and efficiency of activation policies in terms of bringing the …

open up opportunities for subsequent reforms. -- early retirement ; older workers ; Germany ; European Employment Strategy …

Germany and France are both Continental European welfare states with severe labor market problems such as low …

France and Germany are two polar cases in the European debate about rising youth unemployment. Similar to what can be … observed in Southern European countries, a "lost generation" may arise in France. In stark contrast, youth unemployment has … been on continuous decline in Germany for many years, hardly affected by the Great Recession. This paper analyzes the …

outcomes. The UK, Sweden, Canada and the US obtain the highest management scores closely followed by Germany, with a gap to …

centralized systems (Italy and Germany) lagging behind the more autonomous ones (Canada, Sweden, the UK, the US). For Italy, we …

, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. Exploiting within-country variation, we show that a one …

and language tests and student desire to attend college. The comparison to pooled-OLS suggests that fixed effects correct …

France have flatter wealth gradients. …