Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). We contribute to addressing this gap by exploring the patterns of … de-industrialization (Brazil, Russia and South Africa). China is the only country where an expanding manufacturing sector … China and the other BRICS. These differences are down to differences in industrial policy: in China industrial policy …

middle-income economies: Bolivia, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Jordan, South Africa, Tanzania, and Vietnam. In order to … linear (Brazil and South Africa) to being U- or J-shaped (India, Jordan, and Indonesia), or a mixture of both (Bolivia …

employment in Brazil, Mexico and South Africa, distinguishing between dependent and independent workers. For each country, we use … small at all levels in Brazil. -- Self-employed ; salary work ; informal sector ; earnings differential ; quantile …

countries (LDCs) embarking on globalization, which enhances the prospect of direct technological imports or embodied … played by trade and FDI in determining employment. The empirical results obtained lend support to globalization having a …

technology, globalization tends to lead to convergence. Moreover, under non-convex technology trade and migration tend to be …-enhancing potential. -- migration ; international trade ; capital movements ; capital formation ; globalization …