which governments shape innovation, and dwarf all other public subsidies for innovation. We examine the impact of government … international spillovers, as increases in government-funded R&D in a particular industry and country raise private R&D in the same …

We measure the extent to which skilled immigrants increase innovation in the United States by exploring individual … inventors crowd out native inventors, or an underestimate if immigrants have positive spill-overs on inventors. Using a 1940 …-2000 state panel, we show that immigrants do have positive spill-overs, resulting in an increase in patents per capita of 9 …

trade have strong positive spillover effects on product and technology innovation by domestic firms in emerging markets. The …

. -- backward linkages ; multinational customers ; suppliers ; forced linkage ; productivity spillovers …

, particularly of university scientists, is positively related to innovation; (vi) there are many university spin-offs but these are …

In this paper we integrate the insights of the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship and Innovation (KSTE … Marshallian, Jacobian and Porter spillovers. In more detail, in this study we assess the degree of pervasiveness and the level of …

. -- Competition ; innovation ; emerging markets ; spillovers … innovation, especially for firms further from the frontier, and that the supply chain of multinational enterprises and … international trade are important channels for domestic firm innovation. We do not find support for the inverted U effect of …