In urban China, gender gaps in employment and earnings have steadily increased since the 1990s. Such gender gaps are … demonstrates, despite the rise in gender differences in the urban labor market, the average gender pension gap decreased between … 1988 and 2018. In the paper, we describe the evolution of the fragmented pension system in urban China using a quantitative …

Do environmental conditions pose greater health risks to individuals living in urban or rural areas? The answer is … theoretically ambiguous: while urban areas have traditionally been associated with heightened exposure to environmental pollutants …, the economies of scale and density inherent to urban environments offer unique opportunities for mitigating or adapting to …

that one and the same norm can be output-increasing, neutral, or output-decreasing depending on the incentive scheme. We …

the principal is neutral. Our results have implications for the design and implementation of incentive structures within …

We conduct a field experiment among 189 stores of a retail chain to study dynamic incentive effects of relative …