on establishment-level pollution emissions and business characteristics - including trade activities and global … trade policy uncertainty. Emission abatement is mainly driven by a decline in pollution emission intensity, and not by … pollution haven hypothesis whereby offshoring is central to the mechanism - US manufacturers begin to source from abroad and …

In an attempt to verify the pollution haven hypothesis, this study investigates the impact of environmental regulations … the host country's environmental regulations. Since the pollution haven's effects indicate moving the polluting production … those countries. This supports the prevalence of the effects of pollution havens. However, before we separate the FDI into …

This article examines pollution and environmental mortality in an economy where fertility is endogenous and output is … pollution-induced mortality but also shifts resources to the clean sector. If the dirty sector is more capital intensive, then … expansion of population boosts total pollution, aggravating mortality. …

governments establish the optimal city size when production processes involve environmental pollution. Our analysis delivers two … key insights. First, if an optimal scheme to regulate environmental pollution is implemented, cities chosen by local … governments are never too large. They are too small if pollution is purely global, but at the optimal size, if pollution is purely …

, environmental regulation, productivity, and consumer preferences have contributed to these reductions in pollution emissions. We … estimate the model's key parameters using administrative data on plant-level production and pollution decisions. We then … pollution changes. Finally, we compare the model-driven decomposition to a statistical decomposition. The model and data suggest …

The validity of existing empirical tests of the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) is constantly under scrutiny due to … environmental regulation on inbound FDI in pollution-intensive sectors, particularly when measured by employment, and (iii) larger …