.S. Employment trends in both countries are consistent with polarization since the 1990s. We conclude that although there is evidence …

employment were compulsorily directed into jobs and industries that were vital to the war effort. There were also many woman … than the age cohorts that followed them. -- WWII female employment ; essential war industries ; long-term real wages …

We study the effect of permanent income innovations on health for a prime-aged population. Using information on more … aggregate data by date-of-birth cohort to construct a 'synthetic cohort' dataset with details of income, expenditure, socio … incomes over the eighties and nineties to uncover causal effects of permanent income shocks on health. We find that such …

Employment Strategy, which repeatedly stressed the importance of human capital and technological knowledge as main drivers for …

correlated with subsequent employment outcomes for workers at different ages. The results depend on countries' level of … development. In low-income countries, young adults that are born into smaller cohorts are less likely to work, but school … attendance remains unchanged. In middle-income countries, young adults in smaller cohorts are less likely to be unemployed and …

of employment volatility. We, therefore, condition the job creation analysis on job stability. Young firms and large …