react to changes in economic incentives almost twice as strongly under a deductible policy than under a no-claims refund … perceive deductible payments as a loss and no-claim refunds as a gain. …

deductible. Our approach exploits two sources of variation in a differences-in-regression-discontinuities design: deductible … deductible by €100 leads to a reduction in healthcare spending of around 3% on the first days of the year and 6% at the annual …

that was in place was a 350 euro deductible. Our counterfactual experiments show that redistribution would decrease when … the deductible would increase. Nonetheless, high-risk individuals can benefit from higher levels of cost-sharing. The …

We examine vulnerability to poverty in Tajikistan during the global financial crisis, focusing on the roles played by … to estimate a Markov transition probability matrix with the aim of identifying the vulnerability of households to poverty …. Importantly, by introducing the index of vulnerability as the weighted probability of a household falling into poverty over a …

fairness principles, namely equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty, into a joint measure of unfair inequality. Two … inequality. Second, average unfair inequality doubles when complementing the ideal of an equal opportunity society with poverty …