to established ethnic networks, and acquired more years of pre-migration schooling. Using a doubly robust treatment … effect estimator and the IV method, the study finds that the endogenous post-migration education in the host country …

opening up for labour migration from non-EES/EU countries in December 2008. The changes have led to increased labour … United Kingdom and Ireland. Other forms of immigration have been more important. On the other hand, the migration has been …

the primary focus is on international migration, reference is made to internal migration and return migration. The … favorable selectivity is more intense the greater the out-of-pocket (direct) costs of migration and return migration, the … greater the effect of the higher level of ability on lowering the costs of migration, and the smaller the relative skill …

, intra-urban mobility, suburbanisation, and long-distance migration) for residents of the segregated post-Soviet city of …

educational opportunities. These results extend to internal migration, implying that highly vulnerable populations are trapped in …

influx in Turkey has affected food and housing prices, employment rates and internal migration patterns in regions of Turkey … limited migration out of the region, but there is a significant decline in internal migration into regions hosting refugees …. Nevertheless, the decline in internal in-migration is less than a tenth of the refugee influx, implying that there is little …