teacher and student absences, school closures, and disturbances to usual classroom routines. Similarly, they might also … to the attacks. The main results indicate that the attacks significantly reduced school-level proficiency rates in … grade math proficiency, suggesting that the shootings caused a decline in school proficiency rates of about five to nine …

raising the difficulty of the test causes students to finish high school rather than drop out and GED certify. We find that a …

find it difficult to escape poverty. If children's school attendance and work were highly substitutable activities, it … boost school attendance so as to reduce child work. Hence, this article examines the effects of schooling costs upon both … children's propensities to work and to attend school in rural northern India in a bid to assess the extent of trade-off between …

determined whether they would attend an academically oriented grammar school or a lower level secondary school. The reform … proceeded at an uneven pace in different areas, so that both secondary school systems coexist during the 1960s and 70s. The … selective school system on student achievement. Previous studies analyzing this transition have typically used a value …

background in the state school sector. Focusing on this sector, we show that cross-country differences in segregation are … separate school tracks for academic and vocational schooling and, in each case, over half of this is accounted for by …