Gender differences in paid performance under competition have been found in many laboratory-based experiments, and it … the subject competes with three other individuals and the winner takes all; (ii) an anonymized competition in which an … individual competes against an imposed production target and is paid only if s/he exceeds it; (iii) a 'personified' competition …

The ways in which preferences respond to the varying stress of economic environments is a key question for behavioral … economics and public policy. We conducted a laboratory experiment to investigate the effects of stress on financial decision … intelligence tests as cognitive stressors, we find that stress increases subjective discounting rates, has no effect on the degree …

, the bulk of the research addresses competition with others and excludes other economically relevant competition that may … contribute to the gender pay gap. In this paper, we ask: How does gender affect how individuals react to competition against … women select into intrapersonal competition at significantly higher rates than interpersonal competition, the first such …

probability. -- Risk aversion ; competitiveness ; gender ; culture ; mixed-sex competition …