innovation-friendly environment, resulting in a low export ratio given the small size of the country and its long-time EU …

model incorporating England's and China's distinct pre-modern risk-sharing institutions. The model predicts a transition in … England and not China even with equal levels of risk sharing. Under the clan-based Chinese institution, the relatively risk …

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). We contribute to addressing this gap by exploring the patterns of … de-industrialization (Brazil, Russia and South Africa). China is the only country where an expanding manufacturing sector … China and the other BRICS. These differences are down to differences in industrial policy: in China industrial policy …

decentralized innovation. Historic legacies that shape political structures and individual behavior will continue to influence China …Beginning in the late 1970s, China's economy delivered the largest growth spurt in recorded history. Striking … "China miracle" that requires neither economic nor historical analysis. This overlooks deep institutional constraints arising …

income trap" as China exhausts the benefits of international technology transfer. IKC is productivity-enhancing among Chinese … China's IKC generates patents in China, but fewer than in major industrialized economies. Among domestically owned …