Information and communication technology plays an important role in achieving a higher level of energy efficiency. In … particular, energy efficiency can be achieved by integrating information technology into electricity networks to enable the … interaction between suppliers and customers (smart grids). Power generation by renewable energy sources can also benefit from this …

cycle and its response to income variations to help strengthen the energy policy-making process. Our empirical methodology … outcome has important implications for policy-making. Any public policy aimed at reducing household energy consumption should …

It is widely accepted that the costs of under-pricing energy are large, whether in advanced or developing countries …. This paper explores how large these costs can be by focussing on the size of the external effects that energy subsidies in … (agriculture). Our focus is mainly on the costs associated with congestion and pollution as well the impact of under-priced energy …