leadership positions. Our results reveal that the gender of the dominant shareholder is key. The chief executive of firms with a …

The supply of women into senior management has changed little despite well-intentioned efforts. We argue that the … biggest effect is from supply-side factors that inhibit females' decision to enter competitions: Women are under …-confident about winning, men are over-confident; women are more risk averse than men in some settings; and, most importantly, women …

We develop a framework for quantifying barriers to labor force participation (LFP) and entrepreneurship faced by women … women entrepreneurs. However, there is one area in which female entrepreneurs have an advantage: the hiring of female …. Counterfactual simulations indicate that removing all excess barriers faced by women entrepreneurs would substantially increase the …

Women typically earn less than men. The reasons are not fully understood. Previous studies argue that this may be … because (i) women 'don't ask' and (ii) the reason they fail to ask is out of concern for the quality of their relationships at …. Using matched employer-employee data from 2013-14, the paper finds that the women-don't-ask account is incorrect. Once an …

closes because women's wages rise with the share female managers in the workplace while men's wages fall. Panel and … proposition that women are more likely to be paid equitably when managers have discretion in the way they reward performance and … those managers are women. These findings suggest a stronger presence of women in managerial positions can help tackle the …

Gender gaps in leadership roles may be reduced by increasing the number of women in career stages that typically … precede high-status positions. This can occur by increasing the supply of experienced women, inspiring new female candidates … for these positions, and/or changing beliefs about women as leaders. In this study, we investigate whether and how adding …

through professional barriers in economics, policy, and institutional leadership. We chart the progress of women in higher …This paper provides an overview of what has happened over the past fifty years for women as they worked to break … education at the college level and beyond and then go on to examine women's representation at the upper levels of academia …

, such reforms neither helped nor hurt mothers' chances to be at the top of their companies' pay ranking or in leadership …