larger productivity gains from trade liberalization than previously thought. -- Technology diffusion ; R&D ; openness ; North-South …

MENA countries. To answer the question: whether either human capital or openness can be shown to cause productivity, we use … show a significant impact of openness on productivity growth. We find also an effect, significant at the ten per cent level …, of the level of human capital on the level of income but no effect on underlying productivity growth. Our preferred …

understand the link between institutions and an economy's productivity distribution. -- intra-industry trade ; heterogeneous …

improve the business conditions in one country have negative productivity and welfare effects on the trading partner. Second …

Using Difference-in-Differences estimation and data from the European Community Household Panel, this paper suggests …

; productivity ; financial constraint ; export ; technology frontier ; BEEPS …