funds. We use data from Brazil's federal legislature, which grants each federal legislator a budget to fund public projects …

This paper proposes a pair-wise approach to testing for output convergence that considers all N(N-1)/2 possible pairs … of log per capita output gaps across N economies. A general probabilistic definition of output convergence is also …-2000. Overall, the results do not support output convergence, and suggest that the findings of convergence clubs in the literature …

to study the changes in the within country distribution of management quality associated with country convergence to the … those of its close competitors. Part of the process of convergence to the frontier across the development process represents … that lag the frontier benchmark. Among potential explanatory variables that may drive convergence, ownership and human …

This paper analyzes convergence in per capita gross regional product of Russia's regions during the period 1995 …-2010, when regional data are available. Using a panel regression framework we find no evidence for beta-convergence. Instead we … regional product confirm this outcome as do non-parametric estimates of convergence, namely estimates using Markov transition …

and spanning 22 years, first, to test hypothesis that there is within-country income convergence. Second, through a … decomposition of the poverty convergence elasticity, the analysis investigates whether this convergence, if it exists, has … translated into poverty convergence. In a context of overall stagnant economic growth and poverty reduction since 1990, the …