the pandemic, but surprisingly little is known on whether these shutdowns turned into permanent closures and whether small … this trend in the third quarter of 2020. The increase in closures rates in the first two quarters of the pandemic was …

This study investigates how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected teachers' job-specific stresses and their enthusiasm for … the teaching occupation. We use unique data from China that cover the periods before and after the start of the pandemic … and apply difference-in-differences type methods. We find that, among rural young teachers, the pandemic has caused higher …

respond? A simple theoretical framework predicts that reduced exposure to pre-pandemic international mobility causes slightly … 2009. We find that in all cases, even a draconian 50 percent reduction in pre-pandemic international mobility is associated …

the COVID-19 pandemic and the attendant restrictions on individual mobility and commercial activity. However, both … anecdotal accounts and academic research have found inconsistent effects of the pandemic on DV across measures and cities. We … calls to the police and to the hotline. Our results highlight the heterogeneous effects of the pandemic across DV measures …

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is bringing about once-in-a-century changes to human society. This … article summarizes key characteristics of the COVID-19 pandemic that should be incorporated in economics and health policy … major players in the health sector in preparation for the next pandemic. …

pandemic. We study the impact of two NPIs -stay-at-home requirements and workplace closures- on three outcomes: daily …