pollution haven hypothesis whereby offshoring is central to the mechanism - US manufacturers begin to source from abroad and …

This paper studies the relationship between immigration and offshoring by examining whether an influx of foreign … of immigrants into a municipality reduces firm-level offshoring at both the extensive and intensive margins. The fact … that immigration and offshoring are substitutes has important policy implications, since restrictions on one may encourage …

We use Danish firm-level data to examine the causal link between carbon emissions, offshoring, and import competition …. Offshoring reduces firms' emission intensity but increases their production. Import competition reduces firms' production without … affecting their emission intensity. For Denmark, these effects imply that observed offshoring trends reduced the overall …

In this paper we survey the recent empirical literature on the effects of offshoring on wage, employment and … displacement. We start with an overview of the measurement of offshoring, organizing our discussion around the three key elements … of offshoring: that it involves intermediate inputs for production (vs. final goods for consumption); that it involves …

The offshoring of production by multinational firms has expanded dramatically in recent decades, increasing these firms … probability. We also show that a firm's probability of offshoring increases with the share of its employees who are immigrants …

factor. Offshoring jobs abroad may change the composition of domestic firms and employment and thus reduce union density … workers and firms in Denmark (1999-2017), which allows us to measure the exogenous threat of offshoring at the firm-level and … the unionization decisions of individual workers. The findings show that the threat of offshoring reduces unionization …