although risk can be measured, uncertainty cannot be measured. Even though risk can be measured, a simple symmetric measure … attempt at "measuring" risk or (fundamental) uncertainty is flawed. …

.5 and risk of hospital admissions (HAs) for MDs in Beijing and measure the attributable risk and economic cost. We apply a … burden of MDs. Specifically, a 10 µg/m3 daily increase in PM2.5 is associated with a 3.55% increase in the risk of HAs for …

This paper examines whether risk-taking in a lottery depends on the opportunity to respond to the lottery outcome …/or extra labor effort. We find strong evidence that ex-post access to labor opportunities reduces ex-ante risk willingness … while access to tax evasion has no effect on risk behavior. We discuss possible explanations for this result based on the …

this relation is driven by a link between internal economic locus of control and a lower perception of the risk of …

households reduce their financial risk exposure when confronted with background risk. Our novel modelling approach - termed a … risk, and is unique in recovering for, any given risky asset class, the shares that are reallocated to a safer asset … category. Background risk exerts a significant impact on household portfolios, resulting in a 'flight from risk', away from …