With the introduction of a new welfare benefit system in 2005, Germany implemented quite strict benefit sanctions for … job, but that these jobs go along with lower earnings due to first but not the second sanction. Moreover, first sanctions … cash benefit is withdrawn for three months. A second sanction of the same type within one year implies a complete benefit …

and performance of German firms. More specifically, we study the sanctions imposed by the EU against Russia in 2014 in …In this paper, we use a novel firm level dataset for Germany to investigate the effect of sanctions on export behaviour … measures of firm performance, we document that the cost of sanctions is heterogeneous across firms but overall modest. Our …

Using novel longitudinal data, this paper studies the short- and medium-term effects of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on … February 24, 2022 on social trust of adolescents in Germany. Comparing adolescents who responded to our survey shortly before … the start of the war with those who responded shortly after the conflict began and applying difference-in-differences (DiD …

We investigate corruption as a social dilemma by means of a bribery game in which a risk of collective sanction of the … public officials is introduced when the number of officials accepting a bribe from firms reaches a certain threshold. We show … over time. Reducing the size of the groups while increasing the probability of collective sanction diminishes the officials …

-labor problem. -- Child labor ; political economy ; international labor standards ; trade sanctions …

This paper investigates the effect of economic sanctions on employment. We exploit the imposition of a series of … unexpected and unprecedented international economic sanctions on Iran in 2012 and estimate the short-run effects of the change in … import exposure on manufacturing employment at the industry level. Our estimates indicate that the sanctions led to an …

This chapter investigates the impact of the imposition of sanctions for employing illegal migrants on the welfare of … native laborers. In response to such sanctions, managers in a firm may be reassigned from the supervision of production to …. It is shown that when the sanctions are steep enough, a profit-maximizing firm will assign managers to verification …

This paper examines how economic sanctions affect the allocation of workers across formal and informal employment. We … analyse the case of the unprecedented sanctions imposed on Iran in 2012. Employing a difference-in-differences approach, we … different pre-existing exposure to international trade. Our analysis reveals that, following the sanctions, workers in …

Sanctions have severe adverse effects on societies. Even though sanctions are used against governments, the population … is punished for its government's behavior. Sanctions can create problems due to international migration. Iran is an … unique case study because it faced the most and hardest sanctions in the world until February 2022. Many negative effects on …

COVID-19 hit firms by surprise. In a high frequency, representative panel of German firms, the business outlook …, business perceptions hardly reacted to any other potential source of information: Firms did not learn from foreign policy …