Despite numerous studies on skill development, we know little about the causal effects of music training on cognitive … and non-cognitive skills. This study examines how long-term music training during childhood and youth affects the …-Economic Panel (SOEP). Our findings suggest that adolescents with music training have better cognitive skills and school grades and …

-run comparisons with other data. We construct a new measure based on the emotional content of music. We first trained a machine … learning model using 191 different audio features embedded within music and use this model to construct a long-run Music … satisfaction and outperforms an equivalent text-based measure. Our results have implications for the role of music in society, and …

This study investigates the dose-response effects of making music on youth development. Identification is based on the …

largest US cities in the period 1990-2009. As a result of technological change some tasks can be placed at distance, while … proximity relative to others. Our results suggest that cities with higher shares of connected tasks experienced higher … the complementarity between skills and cities. …

Income inequality is increasing in European cities and this rising inequality has a spatial footprint in cities and … neighbourhoods. Poor and rich people are increasingly living separated and this can threaten the social sustainability of cities. Low … households. Urban policy often focusses on reducing segregation through physical measures in cities, such as demolishing houses …

cities between 1970 and 1990. …