market economies. The primary focus of the study is on competition and market structure, finance and the structure of lending … interpretation of the evidence on competition is that there is an initial move by firms into niches to exploit local market power …. -- Transition ; convergence ; market structure ; competition ; enterprise finance ; enterprise restructuring …

wages; the most widely accepted theoretical explanations interpret the unemployment rate as a measure of job competition …. This paper proposes new ways of measuring job competition, alternative to the unemployment rate, and finds that the … negative relationship still holds when job competition is measured following the job search literature. While for men the wage …

decrease when competition for employees is higher among firms. Using worker level data for Germany we find that the hypothesis …

applying to jobs in areas where they expect relatively strong competition from other jobseekers. The estimated model replicates …