variation in schooling associated with early smoking behaviour, the other uses the raising of the minimum school leaving age …

Can lowering school starting age promote equality of opportunities and reduce the achievement gaps between pupils? We … provide evidence on the heterogeneous (positional) effects on early school performance of two mandatory schooling reforms in … reform reduced the school starting age from seven to six, the second changed the first-year curriculum from a play …

supply shocks as instruments and controlling for proxies for ability and school quality, suggesting that high …

of the importance of credit constraints within this population. I find that students who obtain high school grades just … returns to college for the population of Florida high school students. Consistent with the credit constraints hypothesis …

, for the intergenerational association in education and income. We find that both pre- and post-birth factors contribute to …'s income. We also find some evidence for a positive interaction effect between post-birth environment and pre-birth factors …. -- intergenerational mobility ; nature and nurture ; income ; education ; adoption data …

Does deferring school entry for children born just before the enrollment cutoff date improve their mental well …) in England. Higher ADHD rates among early school starters are often attributed to a peer-comparison bias caused by … recommendations include sorting children by age and refining diagnostic decision-making in early primary school. …

This paper examines the long-run effects of the 1980-1982 recession on education and income. Using confidential Census … capita in their county of birth reduces four-year college degree attainment by 10 percent and income in adulthood by 3 … graduates and $42-$87 billion less earned income per year. …