homogenous R&D-based knowledge production function by introducing different types of innovation investments (R&D and technology …-than-expected role is played by technology acquisition in the innovation process; (2) the relative importance of R&D and technology …

trend (purely external non-economic) as well as other exogenous (external economic) factors (technology shifters). We define … technology index based on the external economic factors which are indicators of ‘technology’. Thus our definition of production … function is amended to accommodate several technology shifters which are not separable from the traditional inputs. That is …

call technology shifters (economic factors). We use several composite technology indices based on appropriate combinations … of the external economic factors which are indicators of different aspects of technology. These technology indices are … specific external economic factors. Furthermore, the technology shifters allow for non-neutral and biased shifts in TC. We also …

compared with the western region. Foreign direct investment (FDI) and information and communication technology (ICT) investment …

the traditional production model where technology is represented by a time trend. TFP growth is decomposed into … unobservable technical change, scale economies and observable technology shifter index components. The empirical results are based … exogenous growth factors are used in modeling four technology shifter indices to explore development infrastructure, finances …

skillbiased technological change induced through imports of technology-intensive capital goods or export activity may provide an … based on a translog cost function show that changes in technology through a greater inflow of foreign machinery is found to …