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Equality of opportunity : theory and evidence

Ferreira, Francisco H. G.; Peragine, Vitorocco - 2015

Building on earlier work by political philosophers, economists have recently sought to define a concept of equity that accommodates the fairness of reward to individual responsibility and effort, while allowing for the existence of some inequalities which are unfair and should be compensated....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010510602

Inequality of opportunities of educational achievement in Turkey over time

Tansel, Aysıt - 2015

This study investigates inequality of opportunity in educational achievements in Turkey over time. For this purpose we use test scores of PISA in mathematics, science and reading achievement of 15-year-olds over the period 2003-2012. Since the different waves of the samples cover only a fraction...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010513377

Ex post inequality of opportunity comparisons

Fleurbaey, Marc; Peragine, Vitorocco; Ramos Morilla, Xavier - 2015

In this paper we propose different criteria to rank income distributions according to equality of opportunity. Different from existing ones, our criteria explicitly recognize the interplay between circumstances and effort. We characterize them axiomatically and we compare them with existing...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011347163

Measurement of inequality of opportunity based on counterfactuals

Van de Gaer, Dirk; Ramos Morilla, Xavier - 2015

The theoretical literature on inequality of opportunity formulates basic properties that measures of inequality of opportunity should have. Standard methods for the measurement of inequality of opportunity require the construction of counterfactual outcome distributions through statistical...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011408189

Lower and upper bound estimates of inequality of opportunity for emerging economies

Hufe, Paul; Peichl, Andreas; Weishaar, Daniel - 2021

Equality of opportunity is an important normative ideal of distributive justice. In spite of its wide acceptance and economic relevance, standard estimation approaches suffer from data limitations that can lead to both downward and upward biased estimates of inequality of opportunity. These...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012609168

Educational inequality

Blanden, Jo; Doepke, Matthias; Stuhler, Jan - 2022

This chapter provides new evidence on educational inequality and reviews the literature on the causes and consequences of unequal education. We document large achievement gaps between children from different socio-economic backgrounds, show how patterns of educational inequality vary across...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013184262

Opportunity and inequality across generations

Koeniger, Winfried; Zanella, Carlo - 2022

We evaluate a temporary public sector employment program targeted at individuals with weak labor market attachment … increasing employment and reducing social assistance. However, being at a regular workplace seems crucial: we find negative … employment effects for participants employed at a workplace created especially for the purpose. The decrease in social assistance …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012879620

Equal opportunity through higher education : theory and evidence on privilege and ability

Arbel, Yuval; Bar-El, Ronen; Tobol, Yossi - 2017

We model a higher education system that admits students according to their admission signal (e.g., matriculation GPA, SAT), which is, in turn, affected by their cognitive ability and socioeconomic background. We show that subsidizing education loans increases neither human capital stock nor...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011613138

Upward and downward bias when measuring inequality of opportunity

Brunori, Paolo; Pergaine, Vito; Serlenga, Laura - 2018

Estimates of the level of inequality of opportunity have traditionally been interpreted as lower bounds due to the downward bias resulting from the partial observability of circumstances that affect individual outcome. We show that such estimates may also suffer from upward bias as a consequence...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011816080

Measuring unfair inequality : reconciling equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty

Hufe, Paul; Kanbur, Ravi; Peichl, Andreas - 2018

Rising income inequalities are widely debated in public and academic discourse. In this paper, we contribute to this debate by proposing a new family of measures of unfair inequality. To do so, we acknowledge that inequality is not bad per se, but that its underlying sources need to be taken...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011874411

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